What does "overlay network" refer to in wireless networking?

The term "overlay network" in wireless networking specifically refers to a virtual network built on top of another network infrastructure. This concept involves creating a logical structure that operates independently of the underlying physical network, allowing for greater flexibility and control. Overlay networks enable various functionalities such as improved security, traffic management, and enhanced performance, which can be especially beneficial in wireless environments where the underlying infrastructure may be limited or require additional capabilities.

For example, in scenarios involving network virtualization, services such as virtual private networks (VPNs) or software-defined networking (SDN) can utilize overlay networks to manage and optimize traffic without altering the physical setup. This capability allows for unique address schemes, isolation for different user groups, and the implementation of security measures, all while leveraging existing infrastructure.

Understanding this concept is crucial for designing wireless networks that can adapt to evolving needs and can implement advanced features without a complete overhaul of existing systems.